No. 2 (98) (2023): Research, results

The article reflects the data of scientific research that can serve the practice of selection and breeding work under conditions of various forms of ownership, as well as the improvement of selection and breeding work and the technology of production of high-quality and competitive sheep products in the conditions of year-round use of the foothill-steppe and desert pastures of the south of Kazakhstan.

The research of polymorphism systems of serum proteins of sheep's blood of different intra-breed types by gender and age groups revealed the presence of certain allele combinations and the ratio of transferrin and hemoglobin genotypes. It has been established that these animals have their own specific range of frequencies of occurrence of alleles and combinations of genotypes. Based on the results obtained, the possibility of using genetic blood markers in the early assessment of the productive qualities of animals has been established.

As a result of scientifically based breeding methods, in the “Batai-Shu” LLP in Zhambyl region created a breeding australized herd of the South Kazakh Merino breed with a white
wool yolk, a cut of washed wool of 3.1 kg with a yield of 48-50%.

The imperfection of the legislative system in determining kinship in farm animals opens loopholes for abuse. This fully concerns technical regulation in the field of forensic molecular genetic examination, where the legal status and fate of specific people ultimately depends on the perfection of the standardization system. Currently, there are only disparate and often inconsistent internal regulations on this issue, such as guidelines, recommendations and instructions, some of which are fairly criticized. In most of the "Methodological guidelines" there are numerous contradictions, inaccuracies, ambiguous instructions that allow opposite interpretations, incomplete explanations, which is unacceptable for management, which is considered as a legal document. These issues can become decisive in court if they agree or disagree with the results of DNA examination. Such shortcomings can significantly affect the quality of forensic genetic examination and lead to the appointment of additional or repeated examination. The requirements established by regulatory documents for standardization should be based on modern achievements of science, technology and technology, international (regional) standards, rules, norms and recommendations for standardization, progressive national standards of other states. 

In this regard, it is difficult to overstate the timeliness of the publication of the "International Recommendations for Standards of Paternity Verification," which are prepared by a large team of the Paternity Verification Commission at the International Society for Forensic Genetics. It is noteworthy that the basic principle that guided the Commission was taken as the basis for the international standard ISO 17025:1999 "General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories". The peculiarity of ISO standards is that when applying them in specific areas, the introduction of additional "instructions for use" is allowed, unless they in no way change the meaning of any of the paragraphs of the original text. 

The article presents the results of a study of mare's milk for freshness and safety using generally accepted organoleptic and physicochemical studies. The material for our research was samples of mare's milk (n = 45) taken from the farm of the Almaty region. In the course of the study, samples of mare's milk were taken from the farms of the Almaty region. All studies were carried out on the basis of the laboratories of the Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, which is equipped with the necessary modern equipment. The novelty of the work is monitoring the safety and quality of mare's milk from various farms in the Almaty region in a comparative aspect and assessing the safety of mare's milk by studying physical and chemical indicators. The organoleptic parameters of mare's milk taken from the farms of the Almaty region corresponded to the standard of GOST requirements and there were no deviations in appearance, color, smell, taste. Physicochemical studies of mare's milk taken from various farms in the Almaty region were within the normal range specified in the standards of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The density value varied 1.029 -1.034 g / cm3, acidity values did not exceed 7 Tº, the highest SNF value reached 9.56% in mare's milk obtained from the third farm. Mass fraction of fat was in the range of 2.5-3.3%. The mass fraction of protein varied in the following values: 3.65-4.89%. According to the research results, it can be concluded that the mare's milk produced in the Almaty region meets the requirements in terms of quality and safety and is not falsified. 

This article presents models of effective management of the mechanized production process in the production of mare's milk in seasonal farms in the conditions of the Aktobe region.

As a result of research for the optimal process of organizing the milking season of mares for seasonal kumys farms, we have developed the following zootechnical measures, the timely implementation of which gives the most optimal return during the production process of mare's milk production, taking into account the biological characteristics of mares using machine milking, as one of the conditions for cost-effective milk production.
Technological methods for the formation of high-milk groups of mares and the study of milk productivity of the Kushum and Mugalzhar breeds and the properties of mares' milk in pasture conditions have been developed.
The scientific and practical significance of the work lies in the fact that the introduction of an effective technology model in the management of the production process in the production of mare's milk during seasonal production in the areas of herd horse breeding will fully mechanize the milking of mares, increase the productivity of dairy horse breeding workers. The organization of seasonal farms in the areas of herd horse breeding allows the fullest use of the reserves of the industry and to a large extent meet the need for mare's milk of medical institutions and the population.

This article presents research works in beekeeping farms of Almaty and Zhetysu regions. To determine the morphometric characteristics of bees by the cubital index, dumbbell index and discoidal displacement, 30 bee colonies of 50 samples were taken from the studied apiaries.

Various methods of morphometric characteristics of worker bees from bee colonies leading breeding and breeding work with bee families were studied, copies of the preparations of the studied bee families were scanned and processed in the MorphoXL program.

The results of the study showed that according to the data obtained, it can be assumed that the higher the index of the ratio of the cubital and dumbbell indices, the higher the percentage of pedigree. Using innovative programs to study the morphological features of bee samples with the measurement of wing parameters, statistical processing and graphical representation of the results were studied.

Thus, as a result, according to the main exterior parameters, the bees meet the standard of the carnica breed, but according to the studied samples, the indicators of the cubital index were below the standard. In connection with the results obtained, it is necessary to revise the standard of the breed of honey bees. The assessment of the Carpathian breed gave an objective result of the breed affiliation of bees bred in the Almaty and Zhetysu regions.

The development of the above tasks, followed by the implementation of the results in the apiaries of the republic, will affect the development of beekeeping in Kazakhstan, and will preserve the genetic potential of Kazakhstani populations, which will become a foundation for the development of breeding beekeeping in the republic.

In Kazakhstan, fat-tailed sheep of the meat and tallow direction are historically one of the leading branches of animal husbandry. Among the population of domestic fat-tailed sheep, the Edilbai breed of the created folk selection deserves close attention. The Edilbay breed, like the Hissar breed (created in Tajikistan), in the conditions of year-round grazing, in terms of precocity and meat and tallow productivity, occupies one of the first places among the existing breeds of world sheep breeding. Therefore, any crossing of these sheep with other breeds is dangerous – it will lead to a decrease in the most important selected trait mentioned above. Only crossing sheep of these breeds with each other can give a positive effect for each of them.In this aspect, in order to further improve the precocity and meat-and-fat productivity, the results of research on crossing the queens of the Edilbay breed with the Gissar rams are of great interest and is the novelty of the main research work.

In the resulting offspring, we studied the exterior body measurements and live weight at birth, at the age of 4 months, and also carried out a control slaughter of rams at the age of 4 months. It was established that crossbred rams and ewes at the age of 4 months surpassed their purebred (control) peers in live weight by 3.6 and 5.5 kg, and in slaughter weight by 2.0 kg.

The article is devoted to the study of the physicochemical properties of the soils of the Caspian coast of the Absheron Peninsula. Soils of different zones of the Apsheron Peninsula were chosen as objects of study: southeastern, southwestern, northeastern and northwestern. For the first time, the change in the physicochemical properties of soils in all directions of the Caspian coast of the Apsheron Peninsula was studied and a comparative analysis of these indicators was carried out. In the northeastern and northwestern directions of the coastal zones of the Caspian Sea, a change in the cation-anion composition of soils is observed. The presence of sodium and magnesium ions in water extracts of the soil is considered as a process of unfavorable changes in the soils of the saline series. An increased concentration of salts in the upper layer of the earth's surface was revealed, which confirms the salinity of the soils. The article outlines the reasons that influenced this process and presents recommendations for reducing soil salinity. Soils in all directions have a salt content of more than 0.25% by weight, which indicates salinity. The value of the total amount of organic matter reaches a maximum in the southwest direction of 10.2±0.3%. The increase in the values ​​of negative parameters in the southwestern and northwestern directions is in direct proportion to the increase in water permeability and soil porosity. The  ion is the most mobile in the soil among the ions of water-soluble salts. The  ion has a slightly lower mobility. As for cations,  and  have approximately the same mobility. The nature of the distribution of magnesium is similar to the sulfate ion. The  and  ions have the lowest mobility.

The article presents the general results of studies of 15 varieties of apple trees of Kazakhstan selection, which was carried out on the basis of «KazNIIPO» LLP of Talgar district in the Regional branch of Talgar. The purpose of the work is to identify the most valuable traits for further use in breeding based on the study of the biological potential of productivity of apple varieties. The objects of research are varieties of Kazakh breeding created at the Kazakh Scientific Research Institute of Fruit and Vegetable Growing. To achieve the required level of fruit production, scientists, together with producers, need to solve a number of problems, among which the most important is the optimization of the assortment of fruit and berry crops by creating new competitive varieties that meet all modern requirements for intensive gardening. This experience includes both new varieties of apple trees included in the State Register, and new promising varieties of Kazakhstani selection. When studying, most of the new promising varieties have complex resistance to powdery mildew and scab. The varieties Anel, Egemen, Aizhan, Makpal, Maksat, Aizere, Nursat, Gift Nurtazina, Koktobe were distinguished by yield, the yield of these varieties is 190-260 c/ha. This article presents data from the study of the size of the fruit, taste, attractiveness and economically valuable features of the fruit. As a result of research, Anel, Aizhan, Asyl-Ayim, Nazgum, Damira, Egemen, Gift Nurtazina, Nursat, Maksat varieties resistant and immune to powdery mildew and scab were isolated from 15 apple varieties. Apple varieties Aizere, Anel, Aizhan, Danalyk, Dauren, Kamila, Egemen Maksat, Nursat, Gift Nurtazina, Koktobe, Nazgum are allocated to indicators of fertility, productivity, commodity and consumer quality of fruits. It is recommended to involve these varieties in selection processes as the basis of valuable traits.

Crop diseases have a significant impact on crop yields and quality worldwide. For decades, the threats from diseases and pests of crops have become more serious in the context of global climate change, which creates a problem for our food production. In recent years, there has been an increasing spread and harmfulness of stripe rust in Kazakhstan. Most of the commercial wheat cultivars currently grown in Kazakhstan are still susceptible to rust diseases. The aim of the study is to monitor the development of stripe rust and to identify new sources of resistance to Puccinia striiformis Westend f. sp. tritici using modern genetic breeding methods. According to the monitoring results, the spread and development of stripe rust was at an average level (48-52%). Phytopathological screening revealed 57 samples of winter wheat (76.0%) with an immune type of reaction to stripe rust. 22 promising specimens were identified that showed a resistant and moderately resistant type of response to diseases and are characterized by the presence of several resistance genes. Based on the results of this study, selected promising lines of winter wheat are of interest for a wheat breeding program for resistance to stripe rust.

The article presents data on laboratory tests of the effectiveness of a new biotechnological contact insecticide Actarofit from the avermectin group against Nosopsyllus fasciatus fleas. Fleas were exposed to the drug in concentrations from 0.001% to 1%, while the exposure also varied and was 1, 2 and 5 minutes for all concentrations. Thus, the first signs of the knockdown effect or flea death occurred on average 25 seconds after contact with 1% solution, whereas the range was 16.8-36.7 seconds after treatment. 100% death of fleas in all three series of the experiment occurred already 6 hours after treatment. However, some of the fleas remained alive after the onset of the "knockdown effect", and the "knockdown-death" ratio after treatment with 1% solution was: after 5 minutes – 53.3% and 46.6%, 1 hour – 50% and 50%, 2 hours – 43.3%, 3 hours - 33.3% and 66.6%, 4 hours – 10% and 90%. 100% death of fleas, as a rule, occurred 5 hours after treatment. The issues of possible use of the drug Actarofit in field disinfection and other anti-epidemic measures are discussed. Based on the data obtained, the authors conclude that the limited use of the drug Actarofit in field and village disinfection is possible for preventive purposes, but its use in emergency cases does not seem appropriate in view of the prolonged effect until complete immobilization and death of fleas.

The article is devoted to the review, analysis of the production, application and effectiveness of mineral fertilizers in agriculture in the south and south-east of Kazakhstan. It was found that in 2016-2020 from 1.4 to 119.6 kg of d.v. NPK was introduced per hectare of arable land, and the fertilized area amounted to 4.3-31.6% of the total area of arable land. It is shown that a significant part of arable lands is characterized by a low content of humus and mobile forms of nitrogen, more than half of them are insufficiently provided with mobile forms of phosphorus and need the use of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers.. The share of soil areas with low availability of mobile phosphorus was 44.5%, with an average and high level of availability of 40.5% and 15.0%, respectively.

It has been established that the use of mineral fertilizers allows maintaining the content of mobile nutrients at an optimal level, which ensures an increase in crop yields. In a long–term stationary experiment with the systematic use of fertilizers, the yield of sugar beet in the fifth rotation of the beet crop rotation increased more than twice compared to the control variant, winter wheat grains - more than three times, corn of medium-ripened hybrids - 1.4 times and alfalfa hay - almost 1.5 times. The payback of fertilizers of new varieties of barley and corn hybrids with grain is determined depending on the level of their application. Regression equations are calculated, describing with a high degree of probability a close positive relationship between the intensity of fertilizer application, agrochemical indicators of soil, crop yield and product quality.

The article indicates that in the agro-industrial complex of Northern Kazakhstan, much attention is paid to the issues of progressive improvement of soil fertility, crop yields, increased production of grain, feed, and other crops based on a scientifically based farming system. Currently, there is a particular problem of providing the population with high-protein food products, which in the grain zone should be carried out in the system of field crop rotations. The introduction of soybeans into various types of field crop rotations contributes not only to the accumulation of atmospheric nitrogen, but also to the improvement of the agrophysical, biological and agrochemical properties of ordinary chernozem. In addition, soy grain contains a large amount of balanced and easily digestible protein, vegetable oil, a variety of sugars and carbohydrates, as well as essential vitamins and trace elements necessary in the diet. Field studies were conducted to identify the effectiveness of the use of biological preparations on soybean crops and their effect on the formation of nodule bacteria, the formation of the size and quality of the soybean harvest, to identify the most effective of them in the conditions in the Northern region of Kazakhstan. The use of bacterial preparations had a positive effect on the density of soybean plant coenosis, namely on field germination, on the dynamics of plant growth, on the accumulation of raw and dry mass of soybean plants. All the studied bacterial preparations reduced the spread of fungal diseases in this culture. The use of bacterial preparations has increased the yield and profitability of soybean cultivation.

The article presents data on the modification of the stages of clonal micro-propagation of clone rootstocks and varieties of apple of foreign and local breeding in the system of growing original virus-free planting material, planting of original base nurseries and mother-cutting gardens. Clonal rootstocks of apple of foreign and local selection were introduced into the tissue culture: Arm18, B7-35, B16-20, 62-396 and Zhetysu 5, varieties of European breeding - Red Elstar, Pinova, Jonaprinz and local selection - Ainur, Voskhod, Maksat. The optimal sterilization regimen was established using active chlorine and an antifungal preparation with the yield of sterile apexes up to 93%. The influence of two free amino acids - glycine and proline, activating the regeneration of apexes in tissue culture by 33-46%, respectively, has been studied.  The number of proliferating micro-plants of the Red Elstar variety was 50%, the Ainur variety - 40%, the Pinov variety -35%  and  30% each varieties: the Jonaprinz, Voskhod and Maksat  were after six passages.  The original virus-free apple seedlings of six varieties of local and foreign breeding were grown on the virus-free apple rootstocks Sievers and Arm 18, which planted the original base mother-cuttings garden.

For the first time in Kazakhstan, a collection of clonal rootstocks of stone fruit crops has been created, where they are being studied for further replication in farms engaged in the cultivation of planting material. The need to assess rootstocks of various ecological and geographical origin in order to identify the most productive with a good coefficient of reproduction by green cuttings to create adaptive and intensive plantations is relevant. The expansion of areas under stone fruit crops requires an increase in the production of high-quality planting material, which is possible only with a scientifically based selection of variety-rootstock combinations. The primary task in this direction is the study of rootstocks in the mother liquor. To solve this problem, the goal of the research was set: on the basis of comparative phenological, biological and climatic features of stone fruit rootstocks, from the existing collection, to identify promising forms with high shoot productivity in the mother liquor of clonal rootstocks, the output of standard layering, good rooting by green cuttings in the conditions of the southeast of Kazakhstan. As a result of the studies carried out on productivity indicators, the output of standard cuttings, biometric indicators, it can be concluded that the sub-roots Druzhba, Pumiselect, Eureka 99, VVA-1, Colt and Saint-Julien can be used in the nursery. Based on the results of propagation by green cuttings, it is recommended to use rootstocks that are easy-rooted VSL-2 and medium-rooted LTs-52.

As a result of the study, the best viability of monocultures and associations under freeze drying has been determined. The best two protective media during storage and their composition are the following: media No.1 includes (%) sodium acetate - 2.5; sodium citrate - 2.5; sucrose - 10.0; and protective media No.2 containштп (%) sucrose 8.0; gelatin - 1.5; skim milk - 5.0. Thus the titer of bacteria equaled to values of 6.0x10¹⁰ and 4.2x10¹⁰ CFU / g, respectively.

When determining the stability of dried preparations during storage of probiotic bacteria and their association, the best protective medium is No. 2 (sucrose 8.0%; gelatin - 1.5%; skim milk - 5.0%).

The antagonistic activity of monocultures (lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum1, Streptococcus salivarius 20n, Lactobacillus fermentum 15, propionic acid bacteria Propionibacterium shermanii 34) and associations based on these monocultures is preserved practically at the initial level upon freeze drying.

A probiotic based on lactic acid and propionic acid bacteria can be used as a therapeutic and prophylactic agent against dyspepsia for farm animals. At the same time, there is no need for the use of antibiotics and other antibacterial agents for the treatment of diseased animals.

The article presents the results of studies of the influence of factors on the percentage yield of walnut shell extract. Technological processes and modes of extract production are substantiated. At the same time, the size of the crushed shell, the extraction time and the concentration of the solvent were investigated. Most of the nuts are shells and husks, waste products rich in phenolic compounds. Phenolic compounds extracted from walnut shells are potentially good natural sources of antioxidants for the food industry and have numerous health benefits.

The extract was developed during the implementation of a project funded by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the topic "The use of non-traditional types of walnut waste in order to obtain a preventive product". Crushed walnut shell is a universal organic, biodegradable, environmentally friendly and valuable raw material with unique physical characteristics and chemical properties, having a certain range of applications in various fields of industry - cosmetic, pharmaceutical, food. At the same time, walnut shells consist of 52.3% lignin, for comparison, almond shells contain 28.9%, pine nuts - 40% lignin. Lignin characterizes the strength level of the shell, and by its chemical composition is a source of antioxidants.

Due to the aggravation of the epidemiological situation caused by the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, the extract we have developed will be relevant. It can be used by people with weakened immunity who have suffered viral diseases. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to study the factors influencing the maximum yield of the extract from the waste of vegetable raw materials, in particular walnut shells. As the demand for natural antioxidants in the food industry is growing dynamically, agricultural and food waste are becoming an ideal material for the extraction of phenolic compounds as natural antioxidants.

The scientific article presents the results of research conducted in 2018-2020 in the Regional branch "Kainar" LLP "Kazakh research institute of Fruit and Vegetable Growing". Data on the evaluation of the influence of fertilizers on the nutritional regime of dark chestnut soil, the yield of tomato varieties and environmental friendliness of products, calculations of the economic efficiency of fertilizers are given. The tomato plants of the fertilized variants exceeded the plants of the control by the number of stems, leaves, fruits. For the variety Ogonyek777 (Kazakhstan), fertilizers increased the tomato yield by 3.0-12.9 t/ha (11.07-47.60%), for the variety Barin (Russia) - by 2, 7-13.8 t/ha (10.11-51.69%), by 4.1-17.0 t/ha (14.39-59.65%) for the hybrid Shuruk (Netherlands), by 3.3-15.7 t/ha (12.22-58.15%) for the hybrid Falkon (Turkey). For the standard variety Ogonyek777, the nitrate content was the lowest both in the control (36 mg/kg) and in the fertilized variants (41-115 mg/kg) compared to other tomato varieties and hybrids. According to the level of nitrates, the yield of the tomato variety Barin can be considered environmentally safe, as nitrates were less - 50-127 mg/kg with a MPC of 150 mg/kg. For hybrid Shuruk, the fruits on the control contained 62 mg/kg of nitrates, on fertilized variants there was a sharp increase (74-149 mg/kg). For the hybrid Falkon, the nitrate content in the tomato yield depending on the fertilization rates ranged from 65-142 mg/kg with 43 mg/kg in the control. For the variety Ogonek777 net income from NPK-fertilizers was 59.0-583.2 thousand tenge with a profitability of 32.7-130.0%, for the variety Barin - 39.5-642.3 thousand tenge. Tenge profit, profitability - 22,4-139,1%, on hybrid Falcon - 78,7-766,5 thousand tenge of net income, profitability - 42,5-156,6%, on hybrid Shuruk - 130.9-851,4 thousand tenge of profit, profitability - 66,5-167,4%.

The article presents the results of a study to determine the biological and economic effectiveness of fungicides for flax seed infection in laboratory and field conditions. During the period of research in the laboratory, more than 20 different protective and stimulating compounds have been developed and tested. For field tests, 7 seed treatment formulations were selected from them, which positively affect the quality of seed sowing, as well as suppressing the pathogenic microflora of flax. Field experiments were carried out on the experimental fields of "Baiserke-Agro" LLP, located in the Talgar district of Almaty region. Phytoexpertiza of flax seeds was carried out and protective and stimulating compounds were selected for their recovery. As a result of the research, it was found that all tested variants were distinguished by high laboratory germination from 85.0 to 98.0%, the biological effectiveness against seed mold was in the range of 40.5–100%. The effect of protective and stimulating compounds on the field germination of flax seeds was also evaluated. The highest density of seedlings was in the variant TMTD, w.s.c. – 5.0 l/t + Celest–top, 312.5 s.c. 1.0 l/t + Extrasol 1.0 l/t, this indicator reached up to 95.5, in the control variant – 73.1%. In addition, the selected variants showed high biological efficacy against root rot in the herringbone phase – 60.7–96.4%, before harvesting – 59.1–93.8%.

Effective protection of fruits from damage during storage is achieved through protective measures of the post-harvest period.

The article presents the results of evaluating the effectiveness of the biological preparation "Bioconservant MR-3" based on yeast (Metschnikowia pulcherrima) in controlling the rot complex of apple fruits developing during storage. The objects of research are diseases of infectious and non-infectious origin that affect the duration of fruit storage. To monitor the growth and development, the incidence of diseases and pests during the growing season, the shelf life and the degree of damage to various diseases during storage, three varieties of Kazakh breeding were taken: "Aport", "Voskhod", "Talgarskoe". Their storage was carried out at a temperature of + 1-2 ° C and a relative humidity of 90-95%. Work was carried out to clarify the species composition of diseases and pests on selected varieties that contribute to the development of diseases during storage. The natural loss of fruit weight, the hardness of the pulp was determined, biochemical analyses were carried out. The hardness of the fruit pulp was measured with a meter (penetrometer).  Before laying for storage, the fruits were treated with the biological preparation Bioconservant MR-3, the treatment was carried out by soaking the fruits in the biological preparation for 30 seconds, the consumption rate of the preparation Bioconservant MR-3 (dry form -100 g / 10 l / water) and (liquid form 100 ml / 10 l / water) except for the control variant and laid in the refrigerator for further observation.

The article considers the tasks of horticulture development in the conditions of climate change using water-saving innovative techniques of apple growing technologies. We have studied the effect of the AQUASORB water-retaining polymer-hydrogel on the agro-ecological situation of the ecosystem of the industrial garden in the drought-prone areas of South-Eastern Kazakhstan.

It has been revealed that the polymer increases the total and productive moisture reserve in the soil and improves agrophysical properties, where more favorable environmental conditions are created for the adaptation of fruit crops – apple trees with global climate change. The presence of hydrogel in the root layer increases the moisture content of the leaves, which increases hydration and the content of mobile moisture in each variant compared to the control. Where the drought resistance of trees increases in terms of heat resistance, water retention, general hydration and the content of mobile moisture in the tissues of apple leaves.

In the conditions of study in the orchard, the best indicators of leaf moisture retention and hydration were established at the polymer application rate of 1.5 kg/m3, and in the more severe arid conditions of the year under study, the best norms are 2.0 kg/m3 of hydrogel in the root layer. The high degree of water retention and satisfactory hydration of apple tree tissues indicates their ability to adapt to the changing conditions of climate change.

The results of study of spreading and development of diseases, pests, weeds under mustard (sarepta) cultivation by traditional, minimal and no-till technologies on southern carbonate chernozem of steppe zone of Northern Kazakhstan are given.  It is shown, that at cultivation of mustard the important value has plant protection with use of preparation for pre-sowing treatment of seeds of insectofungicide action, herbicides against dicotyledonous and cereal weed plants, fungicide and insecticide. Implementation of the complex of protective measures largely suppresses the spread and development of seed infection, false powdery mildew, cruciferous fleas, rape blossom, cabbage moth, annual and perennial cereal and dicotyledonous weeds and helps to get 54-58% additional seed yield from the control level (without treatment). The significance of the biological preparation Seedspor W based on microorganisms (Glomus ssp., Trichoderma asperellum, hay bacillus, Bacillus megaterium) for the disinfection of mustard seeds, foliar and root dressings with Smart Start P and their significance for the yield of mustard are considered. The greatest increase in seed yield was provided under conditions of minimal cultivation technology, where the highest indicators were obtained from 6.8 centners per hectare to 8.2 centners per hectare.

In order to obtain high yields of winter wheat, it is necessary not only to use advanced agricultural technologies, but also to sow varieties resistant to major diseases. One of these diseases that cause great harm to grain crops is Septoria leaf blotch.

The article notes that in 2022, as a result of monitoring work carried out to identify the resistance of winter wheat cultivars to septoria in the Almaty region, in the Uzynagash rural district of Zhambyl district, signs of septoria were detected in winter wheat cultivars bezostaya 100 and Brazilian elite, the infection rate was 12.7% -9.6%, and the prevalence rate was 92% -78%. It was also found that in the Panfilov rural district, the winter wheat cultivar Kazakstanskaya 10 was infected with Septoria tritici at an average level, the infection rate was 2.5%, and the intensity of spread was 48%. cultivars with high resistance to pathogen (Septoria tritici), IT – 0 morbidity indicators were selected on the acreage of Zhambyl, Karasai, Talgar districts of Almaty region: Austrian Gran, Austrian 100, Bezostaya-1, Brazilian winter, Ustkemenogorskaya brigade, Steklovidnaya 24, Zhetisu, Naz and Bogarnaya 56. In the production of wheat, it is recommended to use wheat cultivars resistant to septoria.

Barley in Kazakhstan in terms of sowing area ranks second after wheat among grain crops. Barley is a culture of versatile use.

An increase in grain production in the Republic also depends on the production of grain forage crops, which have great biological potential, high nutritional and fodder values. With the active development of animal husbandry and the processing industry in Kazakhstan, the demand for barley grain has increased. However, the need for seeds of malting barley in Kazakhstan is provided by no more than 30-40%, the same situation is similar to the provision of fodder barley grain for animal husbandry.

The results of the research made it possible to identify varieties of cereal crops with the highest nutritional value. The content of the mass fraction of protein in the grain of barley of domestic breeding varieties was determined. Barley contains more than 11% protein, which is superior in nutritional value to wheat. Vegetable protein is absorbed by our body by almost 100%. Next, the carbohydrate content was determined. The basis of the human energy source, which is the most complex chemical component of the human diet. In this regard, the content of the carbohydrate complex of selected grain varieties was further studied in terms of the content of starch in the chemical composition and extractivity. Next, we studied the content of the mass fraction of protein, which was obtained when converted to the actual moisture content of barley grain.

Conclusions As a result of the research, it was established to identify varieties of cereal crops with the highest nutritional value, which must be taken into account when developing recipes for poly-cereal mixtures for food production.

In a number of Programs for the development of the industry, outlined in the President's Messages (2017,2018, 2017-2021), it is indicated that one of the most important problems of agricultural production in our country is the transition to a new paradigm based on increasing its efficiency through the introduction of an ecosystem development path. This transition consists in the production of organic farming and the production of environmentally friendly products that are harmless to animals and the population. Therefore, the results of scientific research presented in this article on the development of agrotechnologies and the introduction of an ecologized set of protective measures against harmful organisms into production are an important foundation in solving the production of environmentally friendly (organic) products.

This article presents the results of the application of biological protection against pests of agricultural crops. In the ecological aspect, the pesticide load on the cultivated area and the environment is reduced, compaction and soil pollution occur to a lesser extent, due to a reduction in the number of passes of equipment through the field. During the monitoring, harmful pests of agricultural crops (wheat, soy, corn) were encountered and biological protection was applied to them in the conditions of the Almaty region.

During the growing season, during soil excavations and population counts, 11 species of pests were found on alfalfa, esparcet and soybeans, 7 on corn, 15 on wheat and barley, 8 on rapeseed and flax. The biological efficacy of drugs and entomophages against cotton scoops (Helicoverpa armigera Hb.) on corn crops showed high biological efficacy on the seventh day was 91.5-95.1%, and on the 14th day, due to the release of bioagents, the effectiveness was at the level of 77.6-82.1%. Against the spider mite on the 7th day of accounting, the biological effectiveness was 86.3–87.3%, due to the release of the entomophage chrysoglazka, the effectiveness was at the level of 81.2-81.5%.

A genetic collection of samples of common millet of various ecological and geographical groups was studied. A structural analysis of collection samples was carried out according to the main economically valuable features and quality parameters were analyzed. Based on the results of the study in changing weather and climatic conditions, forms of millet were identified that are of interest as sources of high productivity, early maturity, grain quality and disease resistance. The intravarietal variability of different millet genotypes in terms of plant height, panicle size and productivity, color, quality of grain and groats was assessed. The possibility of using the world gene pool of millet as a crossbreeding component in the conditions of northern Kazakhstan is shown.

The field assessment of the gene pool was carried out in accordance with the guidelines of the All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Industry named after V.I. N. I. Vavilova, laboratory studies of quality indicators of grain according to the State Variety Testing Methodology and GOSTs regulating quality parameters.

As a result of the study, collection samples of millet were identified, both for individual and for a complex of economically useful traits: K-3314, K-3216, K-3310, K-3299 R. Tuva, K-10141 Omskoe11, K-9166 Mongolia, K-10196 Krupnoskoroye, K-9874 Bystroe, K-9746 Orlovskoye 707, K-2790 Saratov region, K-8544 Amur local, K-8523 Iran, K-50 Primorsky Krai, K-2804 Kazanskoye506, K-2432 Altai Territory, K-2874. The isolated genetic material is included in system crosses to improve the parameters of existing varieties.

The area of application of the results is crop production, selection and seed production.

The use of liquid biological fertilizer containing trace elements is becoming increasingly popular among farmers of the Aral Sea region today. Biological fertilizer has a neutral or slightly alkaline reaction, is not contaminated with man-made radionuclides, is non-explosive. The low temperature of crystallization – 2 ° C and freezing -26 ° C – allows you to transport liquid biological fertilizer all year round as well as store it, especially in insulated concrete and asphalt storages buried in the soil with an internal film coating.
The staff of the Institute of Rice Farming conducted research on the effectiveness of liquid fertilizers and studied their effect on increasing rice yields. It was found that the use of liquid fertilizers before sowing and during the growing season of rice together with mineral fertilizers significantly increased the yield of the crop, which varied in the range of 3.9-5.7 t/ha by variants. The yield of rice of the "Syr Suluy" variety increased when used before sowing and during the growing season with liquid biofertilizers by 0.2-0.3 t / ha, and when combined with mineral yields increased by 1.9-2.0 t /ha. In this regard, we recommend the complex use of biofertilizers (NaCle and Phytop 8.67) with mineral fertilizers.

In world practice, clonal micro-propagation of strawberry is used for fast and effective reproduction of individual forms and varieties from a small amount of source material, in vitro selection at early stages of development. At the stages of introduction into the culture of strawberry plant tissues, active chlorine preparations were sterilized in the composition of sodium hypochlorite in various concentrations and exposures.

 For the development of regeneration and the acquisition of environmentally friendly strawberry seedlings, the amino acid proline at a concentration of 10 mg/ l, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) -10 mg / l, and vitamin C-ascorbic acid-10 mg / l were introduced into the nutrient medium in the exchange of growth regulators of chemical nature (cytokinins and auxins). It was found that the introduction of ascorbic acid at a concentration of 10 mg / l into the nutrient medium completely eliminates the phenolic oxidation of apexes at the stage of introduction into tissue culture and regeneration. The introduction of the amino acid proline and ATP into the nutrient medium increased regeneration by 10-15% for three varieties of strawberries.

After the proliferation stage, microcloned plants were transplanted to a nutrient medium for rooting. A large number of roots were formed on the Malvina variety. In the varieties Sabrina and Red Gontlit, these data were slightly lower than 5 and 7pieces. The height of the plants was distinguished by the Malvina variety 10pieces. The lowest plant height was characterized by the Sabrina and Red Gontlit varieties of 5 and 7pieces, respectively.

Rooted strawberry microplants were transplanted into ex vitro conditions for their adaptation.

A nutrient medium for obtaining organic strawberry seedlings for all stages of clonal micropropagation: introduction into tissue culture, regeneration, proliferation and rhizogenesis was developed.

This article presents the results of research on determining the yield of a chickpea collection and the occurrence of Ascochyta blight in field conditions. Chickpea production in Kazakhstan is an important branch of agriculture and has significant economic value for the country.

The objects of the study were Kazakhstani and foreign varieties and lines of chickpea, totaling 87 samples. This collection included samples from various countries: Syria, Russia, Ukraine, Turkey, Mexico, Portugal, Bulgaria, Iran, Armenia, Argentina, Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Morocco, Iraq, India, and Kazakhstan. The research was carried out in 2021-2022 on the field site of Saimasai in the Almaty region. In Kazakhstan we used as standards varieties Nurly 80 - 2017, Kamila - 2000, and Ikarda-1- 2007. The yield of the standard variety in 2021 was 71 g/m2, plant height reached 61.2 cm, the vegetative period lasted 112 days, and the weight of 1000 grains was 270 g. Samples exceeding the standard variety were Flip 98-129, K-151, Miras, K-2412, K-510, K 1221, Malhotra, K-482. Their yields were 86.9 g/m2, 80.7 g/m2, 78.7 g/m2, 78.6 g/m2, 76.9 g/m2, 76.0 g/m2, 71.8 g/m2, and 71.7 g/m2, respectively. The other samples were less productive compared to Nurly 80, but more productive than Ikarda-1. The high negative correlation relationship between ascochytosis and 1000 grain mass confirms the high effect on the reduction of yield by disease manifestation. For further selection, samples and high-yielding genotypes with the largest mass of 1000 grains, as well as with a short and long growing season, were identified.

In the arid conditions of the south of Kazakhstan, the problems of rational use of water resources and the introduction of effective irrigation technologies that ensure stable and high yields of corn for grain while maintaining soil fertility are of particular relevance. Currently, a promising technology for optimizing the conditions of plant development is drip irrigation, the use of which during irrigation allows the introduction of the necessary nutrients to plants.

The aim of the research was to establish the effect of leaf feeding of plants on the yield of corn for grain. The research method is field experience in a specially designated area to establish differences between the variants of the experience. Field experience provides for exploratory research and quantifies the effect of leaf feeding of corn for an objective justification of the introduction of scientific achievements in agricultural production.. In the experimental variants, leaf feeding of corn plants is provided in the phases "5 leaf tillering", "9 leaf tillering" and "exit into the tube" with the norms of 2 kg/ha, 4 kg/ha and 6 kg/ha in comparison with the control variant without leaf feeding of plants. Leaf feeding of corn with the preparation Kristalon with a norm of 4 kg / ha provides an increase in the yield of corn grain when processing plant leaves by 7.6% compared to the processing standards of 2 kg / ha and by 14.7% compared to the control variant without processing plant leaves. An increase in the rate of leaf feeding of corn leaves to 6 kg / ha does not significantly increase the yield of products. Leaf feeding of corn leaves with a norm of 4 kg / ha is recommended for use in the conditions of the south of Kazakhstan.

Currently, in the field of forestry, geoinformation technologies are actively used to solve problems of various levels of management - from taxation work and accounting of cutting areas to decision-making on the protection and restoration of forests.

Forestry still uses paperwork during field experiments. This is due to the lack of technological solutions for a complete transition to electronic document management. In modern scientific literature, there are no methodological developments that describe in detail the process of compiling forest maps during forest management work using a geoinformation technology system (GIS). In this regard, there is a need to develop a new methodology for geoinformation mapping of forestry, capable of ensuring a complete transition to electronic document management by introducing mobile technologies into the production cycle. In this regard, the article is aimed at developing a methodology for geoinformation mapping of forestry, designed to ensure the rejection of paper cartographic materials during the field contour decoding during forest management work. The purpose of the article is to show the methodological foundations of geoinformation mapping of forestry using mobile technologies. The article presents an analysis of the modern methodology for compiling cartographic products in forest management, as well as the study of Russian and foreign experience in the introduction of mobile technologies in forestry.

The article presents data on air temperature (June-July) in the interstitial spaces of black saxaul crops, the general characteristics of the laid pits in forest stands of different ages and in unprotected open space, the dynamics of indicators of natural regeneration of various plants and their height in the interstitial space of black saxaul at different ages.

The research was carried out under the Program 212 of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period 2015-2017, Task 2 in part of the subproject: The study of forest-reclamation protective plantations on the drained bottom of the Aral Sea, their impact on soil-forming processes and the development of scientific foundations for the creation of pasture lands.

There are 9 species of different plant species growing in the interband space. With an increase in the age of forest plantations in the interband space, an increase in the average plant height and the number of indicators of natural plant renewal is observed. In the interstitial spaces of forest crops of the black saxaul, a microclimate is created that improves the natural renewal of herbaceous plants, their growth and number are directly dependent on the distance from the forest belts: in the 5th zone, on average, up to 55-68 pieces (various types of herbs) were detected, followed by a decrease in their number by 15 m or more.

Four of the most common plant species were identified at the trial sites – black saxaul (Haloxylon aphyllum), leafy potash (Kalidium foliatum), salsola tragus (Salsola tragus) and Climacoptera (Climacoptera).

Comparison of quantitative indicators of plants in different space between strips indicates that they are significantly larger at 35 m, and at 60 m space between strips they decrease by 30-40%

The principles of water management were developed based on the analysis of the water management situation in Balkash – Alakol water district.

   The analysis of modern degradation of ecological systems shows that this process is a direct result of timely forecast assessments and foresight of possible consequences of decisions taken at the stage of developing schemes for integrated use and protection of water resources for separate river basins of Kazakhstan.

In water-scarce river basins, the further development of water management and, accordingly, the development of economic sectors require matching the available water resources and demand for them. Thus, ideally, it is necessary to coordinate the possibility of taking water from the environment of a certain amount of natural, including water resources, with the self-recovering ability of the environment.

Due to anthropogenic activity and a sharp increase in water consumption in the upper reaches of Ile River, tense water management and ecological situation has already developed in the Balkash-Alakolskiy water basin, in which the unique Balkash lake can share the same fate as Aral Sea. The planned medium and long-term measures for development of irrigated agriculture in the territories of Zhetysu and Almaty regions result in additional excessive burden on natural environment in the region. Possible comprehensive measures are proposed to solve the strategic task of water (socio-ecological and economically optimal) management in Balkash-Alakol water basin, taking into account the preservation of Balkash Lake.

The sources of phytopreparations are medicinal plants that are valued all over the world and which may disappear in an era of climate change. One such source is the walnut. Walnut is a member of the genus Juglans L. in the family Juglandaceae. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of different concentrations of growth stimulants on different Juglans regia еffigia explants using microclonal propagation technology, where mature trees were taken as mother plants. This study is designed to produce an additional medicinal source of raw materials in the form of callus or suspension cultures. The best results were achieved when the explants were initiated on DKW culture medium using 1 and 10 mg/l BAP, 5 and 10 mg/l TDZ. After 20 days, the average number of shoots formed was 2-5 per callus, with a shoot height of 1.6-2.7 cm.

The hunting fauna is an important component of the biological diversity of the southern regions of Kazakhstan. Being a part of natural resources, hunting animals are, on the one hand, an object of hunting and have recreational and economic value, and on the other hand, they are fully exposed to a complex of anthropogenic factors, of which agricultural production is especially relevant for the steppe zone. Today, the problem of preserving and objectively assessing the natural resource potential of individual regions of Kazakhstan is becoming especially relevant. In this regard, it is necessary to foresee all the environmental and economic costs associated with turnover of agricultural land and to identify contradictions associated with usage of hunting resources on agricultural land. Hunting resources, as part of the natural resource potential of the developed regions, are an objective indicator of the systemic ecological crisis of the steppe zone. In Kazakhstan, the steppe zone is an agrarian region, where the problems of biodiversity conservation, socio-economic and environmental optimization of land use and management of hunting use are especially acute. The purpose of this research work is to analyze regional hunting and resource potential, develop principles for optimizing the management of hunting activities in the southern region of Kazakhstan.

The article presents the results of the hunting activities analysis of Kyzylorda and Turkestan regions, which are part of South Kazakhstan. The data on fixed hunting grounds, the relative number of predatory mammals as potential hunting objects - wolves, foxes, corsacs, jackals, badgers and mustelids as hunting objects are given.

This article presents the results of conducting phenological observations of seedlings of black saxaul. The territory where 6 experimental plots were laid for 2018 – 2020 belongs to the state forest fund of the Koskuduk State Institution for the Protection of Forests and Wildlife of the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management of the Zhambyl region. The total area of the territory of the state forest fund of the Koskuduk State for the Protection of Forests and Wildlife is 419.5 thousand hectares, of which 269.7 thousand hectares are covered with forest. The territory is mainly represented by deserts lying at 300-600 m. abs. height. The climatic features of the studied territory are very hot, long, extremely dry summers, cold winters and a hot continentality with an absolute annual temperature amplitude reaching 900. The average annual air temperature is in the range of 5-9.80. The average annual precipitation is low and ranges from 81-170 mm. The average thickness of the snow cover does not exceed 12 cm. The zone is characterized by very low relative humidity, which is 40%. Sands on the territory of Zhambyl region occupy large areas. According to the nature of the relief, the sands are divided into flat, bumpy, ridge-bumpy and sand dunes. The harsh climatic conditions of the arid zone cause a number of biological features in the plantings of the black saxaul. Therefore, the study of the growth and condition of artificial plantings is of particular practical importance.

The issues of increasing the efficiency of land use and the scientific justification for sustainable development in the Republic of Kazakhstan are increasingly attracting the attention of scientists. Ensuring sustainable development of agriculture and strengthening the role of regional land relations bodies requires improvement of conceptual approaches to the implementation of land management. The purpose of this article is to study the development of land relations in Kazakhstan, the study of the issue of efficiency of agricultural land use and the development of criteria for assessing the effectiveness of sustainable land use. The authors consider the historical aspect of the transformation of land relations after the collapse of the USSR, and in the context of sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex a conceptually new criterion for assessing the effectiveness of sustainable land use was developed. Historical and analytical method, method of synthesis and deduction were used in the work on the article. Results-Gained a general idea about changes in land relations over the past 30 years, systematized concepts about the effectiveness of agricultural land use, developed a criterion for assessing the effectiveness of sustainable land use. The approach developed by the authors to definition of sustainable land use and the new criterion will allow to estimate a real situation, to improve the industrial-organizational structure for substantiation of new design decisions on introduction of the best variant of development of the land lot giving a certain economic effect.

This article is a logical development of a previously implemented scientific project on the topic "Development of energy-saving technology for year-round production and processing of fruit and vegetable products based on multifunctional solar dryers-greenhouses" (State Registration No. 0111RK00488, inv. No. 0212RK01775, for 2012-2015, the amount of funding is 40 million tenge) under the budget program 055 "scientific and/or scientific and technical activities, subprogram 100 "Program-targeted financing, under the program "Targeted development of university science focused on innovative results".

In winter, cultivated plants experience stress from a lack of natural light, which leads to a significant decrease in yield. In this regard, additional artificial lighting in the greenhouse allows the producer to extend the growing season and grow plants all year round or allows the producer to start sowing in early spring and continue the season until the first frost. Plants need about 10-12 hours of light to improve growth. When growing flowers or fruits, the additional need for light per day increases to 16 hours (5).

At the same time, the automation of this process will eliminate the concern that the lighting is in order and during its absence displays monitoring data on the display, or with the help of LEDs notifies about critical values of climatic parameters, or transmits data via the Internet to a tablet or phone for subsequent decision-making.

The article is aimed at meeting the demand of the population, farmers in the purchase of equipment adapted to local conditions, cheaper in cost and installation compared to analogues. The equipment attracts with its ease of manufacture and further operation.

During chemical treatment of crops of high-stemmed crops by spraying, the working fluid is applied to the leaves of plants from the oncoming side along the path of the sprayer with greater intensity compared to the back side, which is the reason for the uneven distribution of drugs, their increased consumption and a decrease in the level of environmental safety. When using the traditionally known flat-pack slot sprayers, the quality of spraying is excessively dependent on wind speed and ambient temperature. Injection sprayers that form liquid-air droplets, less susceptible to evaporation and wind drift, are more adaptive to variable weather conditions. To improve the uniformity of the distribution of the working fluid over the leaf surface of high-stemmed crops, the designs of two-factor injection sprayers, which contain two nozzles oriented to the flow of liquid forward and backward along the movement of the sprayer, allow. To further improve the quality of application of working fluid to plants, it is proposed to perform the front and rear nozzles of a two-factor sprayer with the possibility of rotation in a longitudinally vertical plane. The dependences are substantiated, according to which the microprocessor device continuously monitors the speed of the sprayer using sensor signals from the support wheels and automatically rotates the nozzles, ensuring that the angles of inclination to the vertical of the vectors of absolute velocities of the droplets flowing out of them at a variable speed of the sprayer are equal. This helps to increase the uniformity of the distribution of the working fluid and the environmental safety of the chemical treatment of the leaf surface of high-stemmed crops. A program and methodology for laboratory equipment and computer evaluation of the properties of an innovative sprayer have been developed.

If the lifting height of the sole from the soil surface is less than 195 mm, then the sole does not complete the technological process, lifting the loose part of the soil. The soil will prematurely shift from its surface, which will lead to a decrease in the quality of its settling and mixing.

Sets of replaceable paws of the chisel cultivator are defined in accordance with agrotechnical requirements. To justify the parameters of the moldboard-ripping paws of the chisel cultivator, the corresponding experiments were carried out.

Studies have shown that the width of the soil mixing band during the operation of the cultivator paws corresponds to the width of the soil deformation propagation band on the surface under the influence of working bodies, and a formula is obtained for determining the width of the soil mixing band on the surface: A_P = 2a+ b.

The degree of mixing of the soil depends on technological and structural parameters of the feet chisel cultivator.

In order to improve the technology of soil cultivation, a chisel cultivator of a new form was proposed, and the shape and working parameters of the proposed base of the new form were justified.

The chisel cultivator of the proposed new form is adapted to perform basic technological processes in accordance with agrotechnical requirements

The special feature of the chisel cultivator in the new shape is that it loosens the roots of plants and promotes their rooting, hardening and better growth. The main result is an increase in growth by 15...20 percent.

When determining the optimal composition of functional products based on melons and gourds, special attention was paid to organoleptic indicators, and the selection of components was determined based on the functional orientation of the smoothie (cleansing, diuretic, choleretic, soothing and tonic) using enriching additives of plant origin. Based on the experimentally established original combinations of the main and additional raw materials, recipes were created that ensure the optimal balance of the main nutrients while maintaining the high taste properties of the finished product. The recipes do not contain sugar. To form and improve the taste, smell, color and consistency, fruit and berry and vegetable raw materials, such as blueberries, raspberries, cranberries, sea buckthorn and spinach leaves, apple, pomegranate, plum, apricot and grape juices, were introduced into the recipe to give the smoothie a functional focus. extracts of medicinal plants were used, in particular extracts of bearberry, immortelle, marshmallow, valerian and ginseng. As a result of the research, a recipe for various smoothie compositions has been developed - melon, watermelon, pumpkin, melon-watermelon and melon-pumpkin. The calculation of the introduction of the number of components was carried out on the basis of the tasting assessment of organoleptic indicators on a 10-point scale. The sensory analysis made it possible to identify the best maximum optimal ratios of components in the formulations, which were subsequently taken as the basis for the production of functional products.

The potato ranks fourth after rice, wheat and corn, both in terms of production and economic value, in terms of energy and protein production per hectare and per unit of time, the potato ranks first. The country has experienced a dynamic increase in potato production, and with From 2004 to 2021, an almost two-fold increase in the increase in gross harvest was noted. The goal is to identify ..factors that affect the quality and traceability value of seed potatoes, as well as to identify bottlenecks in the regulatory framework of the industry. For this, desk research methods were used - in the analysis and comparison: official data from the Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan, world specialized industry centers, materials on the topic from open sources; rules and other documents; to study the activities of approbators: lists of approbators of the regional department of agriculture. Results - the key factors influencing the operational activities of approbators and determining the quality of seed potatoes are identified. A scenario for the traceability of the quality of seed potatoes along the entire technological chain is proposed. Conclusions - it is necessary to update the sectoral regulatory standards that contribute through high-quality seed material not only to increase the gross harvest, but also to create the export potential of seed potatoes.

T­he a­rticle e­xamines t­he i­mpact o­f i­nnovation (p­roductive, p­rocess, o­rganizational, m­arketing)­ o­n l­abor p­roductivity i­n t­he f­ood i­ndustry o­f K­azakhstan. I­n K­azakhstan, a­t s­mall a­nd m­edium-s­ized e­nterprises, s­pecial a­ttention i­sn’t p­aid t­o t­he p­roblems o­f i­nterconnection b­etween i­nnovation a­nd e­nterprise p­roductivity a­nd t­o c­onsideration o­f t­heir i­nfluence.

T­he s­et o­f d­ata t­he a­uthors u­sed f­or t­he a­nalysis w­as o­btained f­rom t­he o­fficial w­ebsite o­f t­he A­gency f­or S­tatistics o­f t­he R­epublic o­f K­azakhstan, B­usiness E­nvironment a­nd E­nterprise P­erformance S­urvey (B­EEPS V)­ a­nd t­he E­uropean B­ank f­or R­econstruction a­nd D­evelopment. a­s w­ell a­s t­he r­esults o­f t­he s­urvey a­mong m­edium-s­ized e­nterprises o­f K­azakhstan f­rom 2­016 t­o 2­018.

T­he p­aper u­ses m­odern a­nalytical m­ethods o­f r­esearch, i­ncluding e­conometric a­nd s­tatistical m­ethods, c­omparison m­ethods a­nd c­omparison o­f t­he o­btained r­esults. T­he a­rticle d­iscusses t­he r­esults o­f e­conometric a­nalysis, m­odeling a­nd e­valuation r­esults c­oncerned w­ith t­he p­ositive e­ffect o­f i­nnovation, i­nvestment, a­nd r­esearch a­nd d­evelopment (R&D)­ o­n t­he l­abor p­roductivity o­f m­edium-s­ized e­nterprises (S­MEs)­ o­f t­he f­ood i­ndustry i­n K­azakhstan; e­conometric a­nalysis h­as b­een p­erformed.

O­n t­he b­asis o­f t­he e­conometric m­odel u­sing G­retl p­rogram i­dentified i­nnovations (p­roductive a­nd p­rocess)­ a­re p­ositively i­nfluenced b­y i­nternal R&D­ c­osts, p­atents a­nd f­irm s­ize. A­nd a­lso i­dentified i­nnovations (o­rganizational a­nd m­arketing)­, w­hich h­ave a­ p­ositive (w­eakly)­ i­nfluence t­he s­ize o­f t­he f­irm.

T­o i­ncrease t­he p­roductivity o­f t­he c­ompany, o­ne f­irst n­eeds t­o d­etermine t­he r­ole o­f i­nnovation s­trategy, t­hen c­onsider w­ays o­f i­ntroducing i­t i­nto t­he e­nterprise. B­ased o­n t­his, i­t i­s p­roposed t­o i­mprove t­he i­nnovation p­olicy i­n K­azakhstan, g­et a­cquainted w­ith t­he p­ractice o­f i­mplementing i­nnovation i­n f­oreign c­ountries a­nd i­ts r­ealization.