DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATIVE AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR CULTIVATION OF MELTING BARLEY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE SPECIFICITY OF SOIL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF ALMATY REGION TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF RAW MATERIALS

Gulnar Myrzabaeva; Baktigul Raimbekova; Lyailya Anuarova; Altynay Idrisova; Elmira Imanova; Ayşe KÖKSAL

doi:10.37884/4-2025/16

Abstract

The increasing need to enhance the efficiency of brewing barley cultivation, a key crop for brewing and food industries, is critical amid climate change, unstable moisture, and soil resource depletion. This study scientifically evaluates optimal agronomic practices—specifically sowing dates and seeding rates—tailored to the soil and climatic conditions of the Balkhash district, Almaty region. Multi-year research on the brewing barley variety "Arna" assessed the impact of sowing timing and seeding density on plant growth, phenology, productivity, and grain quality. Results showed that early sowing with a seeding rate of 5.0 million viable seeds per hectare fosters strong seedling establishment, optimal development, and high yields reaching 30.1 centners per hectare. Increasing seeding rates from 2 to 6 million seeds per hectare raised productive stem counts from 300 to 460 per m² but reduced productive tillering, indicating plant compensatory responses.Correlation analysis revealed a strong positive relationship between grain number per spike and spike productivity (r = 0.977) and a negative correlation between productive tillering and seeding rate (r = –0.847). Grain quality at the optimal seeding rate (5.0 million seeds/ha) was characterized by high test weight (up to 654 g/l), grain size (up to 85%), germination rate (up to 95%), husk content (~9.5%), protein (~11.6%), starch (up to 61.3%), and extractivity (up to 76.1%). Although increasing seeding rate to 6.0 million seeds/ha improved yield and thousand-kernel weight, it lowered protein content.These findings underscore the importance of a comprehensive, locally adapted approach to sowing dates and seeding rates to maximize yield and grain quality of "Arna" brewing barley. The recommended agronomic practices produce grain meeting GOST 5060-86 standards, supporting regional brewing industry development. The results provide valuable guidance for optimizing brewing barley cultivation technologies under regional conditions.

malting barley Arna variety sowing dates seeding rate grain yield and quality phenology productive tillering.

01 Introduction

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02 References

1. Ereshko A.S., Beltyukov L.P., Kovalenko L.N., Shikina L.V. Cultivation of spring barley [Recommendations]. Zernograd: FGOU VPO ACHGAA, 2004. 11 p. (in Russian).
2. Gulidova V.A. Features of barley cultivation for malt production // ZernovoeKhozyaystvo. 2001. No. 3(6). P. 26–29. (in Russian).
3. Kireev A.K., KotabaevZh.I. Cultivation of spring barley on rainfed lands of Kazakhstan // Zemledelie. 2001. No. 6. P. 21. (in Russian).
4. Levin I.F., Kozhemyakin E.V., Nazmutdinov A.Z. Brewing barley in Tatarstan // Zemledelie. 2001. No. 3. P. 12. (in Russian).
5. Nazmutdinov A.Z. Brewing barley – a profitable crop // ZernovoeKhozyaystvo. 2001. No. 4. P. 13–14. (in Russian).
6. Barley Breeding in Kazakhstan // Current State of Problems and Achievements in Genetics and Breeding: Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference. Almaty, 2003. P. 63. (in Russian).
7. Semyanenko S.A., Sereda G.A. Yield of spring barley varieties and its dependence on productivity elements in central Kazakhstan. Almaty, 2003. 65 p. (in Russian).
8. Results of Barley Breeding and Seed Production at NIU Kazakhstan in 2009–2011 // Proceedings of the 3rd Republican Seminar “Current State and Prospects of Genetics and Breeding of Cereal Crops in Kazakhstan” (March 19–20, 2012). Almaty, 2012. P. 9–11. (in Russian).
9. Turuspekov E.K., Chudinov V.A., Abugalieva A.I., Tokhetova L.A., Sereda G.A., et al. Genetic and phenotypic variability of spring barley collection grown in various regions of Kazakhstan // Proceedings of the 3rd Republican Seminar “Current State and Prospects of Genetics and Breeding of Cereal Crops in Kazakhstan” (March 19–20, 2012). Almaty, 2012. P. 79–81. (in Russian).
10. AidievA.Yu. Agrobiological foundations of brewing barley cultivation in the Kursk region // Achievements of Science and Technology of Agro-Industrial Complex. 2006. No. 4. P. 45–46. (in Russian).
11. Andreeva O.V., Zhashko K.T. Use of various biologically active substances to improve the quality of pale brewing malt // Sputnik Pivovara. 2001. P. 6–8. (in Russian).
12. Akhmetov Sh.I., Moiseev A.A., Pavlinov A.V., Zamotaeva N.A., et al. Yield and technological properties of brewing barley depending on macro- and micronutrient application in the southern Non-Black Earth region // Bulletin of Ulyanovsk State Agricultural Academy. 2012. No. 3(19). P. 8–13. (in Russian).
13. Vitol I.S., Bobkov A.A., Karpilenko G.P. Carbohydrate-amylolytic complex and technological quality indicators of brewing barley grown in the Non-Black Earth region // IzvestiyaVUZov. Food Technology. 2007. No. 2. P. 24–27. (in Russian).
14. Gamzaeva R.S. Effect of phyto-regulators Epin and Zircon on amylolytic activity and reducing sugar content in germinating brewing barley grains // Izvestiya of Saint Petersburg State Agrarian University. 2016. No. 44. P. 27–32. (in Russian).
15. Myrzabaeva G., Abaeva K., Abildaev E., Idrisova A., Igembaeva A., Tajetdinov N. Influence of sowing dates and seeding rates on the productivity of spring barley varieties in southeastern Kazakhstan // IzdenisterNatigeler. 2025. Vol. 1(105). P. 135–144. DOI: 10.37884/1-2025/17.
16. Myrzabaeva G., Abaeva K., Abildaev E., Idrisova A., Slambaeva A., Tajetdinov N. Evaluation of spring barley varieties for economic value under conditions of Almaty region // IzdenisterNatigeler. 2025. Vol. 1(105). P. 145–155. DOI: 10.37884/1-2025/18.

Citation Links

[1]2025. DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATIVE AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR CULTIVATION OF MELTING BARLEY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE SPECIFICITY OF SOIL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF ALMATY REGION TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF RAW MATERIALS. Izdenister natigeler. 4 (108) (Dec. 2025), 151–160. DOI:https://doi.org/10.37884/4-2025/16.

(1)DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATIVE AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR CULTIVATION OF MELTING BARLEY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE SPECIFICITY OF SOIL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF ALMATY REGION TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF RAW MATERIALS. Izdenister natigeler 2025, No. 4 (108), 151-160. https://doi.org/10.37884/4-2025/16.

DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATIVE AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR CULTIVATION OF MELTING BARLEY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE SPECIFICITY OF SOIL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF ALMATY REGION TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF RAW MATERIALS. (2025). Izdenister Natigeler, 4 (108), 151-160. https://doi.org/10.37884/4-2025/16

DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATIVE AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR CULTIVATION OF MELTING BARLEY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE SPECIFICITY OF SOIL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF ALMATY REGION TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF RAW MATERIALS. Izdenister natigeler, [S. l.], n. 4 (108), p. 151–160, 2025. DOI: 10.37884/4-2025/16. Disponível em: https://natsus.kaznaru.edu.kz/index.php/research/article/view/1007. Acesso em: 15 sep. 2026.

“DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATIVE AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR CULTIVATION OF MELTING BARLEY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE SPECIFICITY OF SOIL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF ALMATY REGION TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF RAW MATERIALS”. 2025. Izdenister Natigeler, no. 4 (108) (December): 151-60. https://doi.org/10.37884/4-2025/16.

“DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATIVE AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR CULTIVATION OF MELTING BARLEY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE SPECIFICITY OF SOIL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF ALMATY REGION TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF RAW MATERIALS” (2025) Izdenister natigeler, (4 (108), pp. 151–160. doi:10.37884/4-2025/16.

[1]“DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATIVE AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR CULTIVATION OF MELTING BARLEY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE SPECIFICITY OF SOIL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF ALMATY REGION TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF RAW MATERIALS”, Izdenister natigeler, no. 4 (108), pp. 151–160, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.37884/4-2025/16.

“DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATIVE AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR CULTIVATION OF MELTING BARLEY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE SPECIFICITY OF SOIL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF ALMATY REGION TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF RAW MATERIALS”. Izdenister Natigeler, no. 4 (108), Dec. 2025, pp. 151-60, https://doi.org/10.37884/4-2025/16.

“DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATIVE AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR CULTIVATION OF MELTING BARLEY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE SPECIFICITY OF SOIL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF ALMATY REGION TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF RAW MATERIALS”. Izdenister natigeler, no. 4 (108) (December 30, 2025): 151–160. Accessed September 15, 2026. https://natsus.kaznaru.edu.kz/index.php/research/article/view/1007.

1.DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATIVE AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR CULTIVATION OF MELTING BARLEY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE SPECIFICITY OF SOIL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF ALMATY REGION TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF RAW MATERIALS. Izdenister natigeler [Internet]. 2025 Dec. 30 [cited 2026 Sep. 15];(4 (108):151-60. Available from: https://natsus.kaznaru.edu.kz/index.php/research/article/view/1007

1.DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATIVE AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR CULTIVATION OF MELTING BARLEY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE SPECIFICITY OF SOIL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF ALMATY REGION TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF RAW MATERIALS. Izdenister natigeler. 2025;(4 (108):151-160. doi:10.37884/4-2025/16

[1] 1. Ereshko A.S., Beltyukov L.P., Kovalenko L.N., Shikina L.V. Cultivation of spring barley [Recommendations]. Zernograd: FGOU VPO ACHGAA, 2004. 11 p. (in Russian).

[2] 2. Gulidova V.A. Features of barley cultivation for malt production // ZernovoeKhozyaystvo. 2001. No. 3(6). P. 26–29. (in Russian).

[3] 3. Kireev A.K., KotabaevZh.I. Cultivation of spring barley on rainfed lands of Kazakhstan // Zemledelie. 2001. No. 6. P. 21. (in Russian).

[4] 4. Levin I.F., Kozhemyakin E.V., Nazmutdinov A.Z. Brewing barley in Tatarstan // Zemledelie. 2001. No. 3. P. 12. (in Russian).

[5] 5. Nazmutdinov A.Z. Brewing barley – a profitable crop // ZernovoeKhozyaystvo. 2001. No. 4. P. 13–14. (in Russian).

[6] 6. Barley Breeding in Kazakhstan // Current State of Problems and Achievements in Genetics and Breeding: Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference. Almaty, 2003. P. 63. (in Russian).

[7] 7. Semyanenko S.A., Sereda G.A. Yield of spring barley varieties and its dependence on productivity elements in central Kazakhstan. Almaty, 2003. 65 p. (in Russian).

[8] 8. Results of Barley Breeding and Seed Production at NIU Kazakhstan in 2009–2011 // Proceedings of the 3rd Republican Seminar “Current State and Prospects of Genetics and Breeding of Cereal Crops in Kazakhstan” (March 19–20, 2012). Almaty, 2012. P. 9–11. (in Russian).

[9] 9. Turuspekov E.K., Chudinov V.A., Abugalieva A.I., Tokhetova L.A., Sereda G.A., et al. Genetic and phenotypic variability of spring barley collection grown in various regions of Kazakhstan // Proceedings of the 3rd Republican Seminar “Current State and Prospects of Genetics and Breeding of Cereal Crops in Kazakhstan” (March 19–20, 2012). Almaty, 2012. P. 79–81. (in Russian).

[10] 10. AidievA.Yu. Agrobiological foundations of brewing barley cultivation in the Kursk region // Achievements of Science and Technology of Agro-Industrial Complex. 2006. No. 4. P. 45–46. (in Russian).

[11] 11. Andreeva O.V., Zhashko K.T. Use of various biologically active substances to improve the quality of pale brewing malt // Sputnik Pivovara. 2001. P. 6–8. (in Russian).

[12] 12. Akhmetov Sh.I., Moiseev A.A., Pavlinov A.V., Zamotaeva N.A., et al. Yield and technological properties of brewing barley depending on macro- and micronutrient application in the southern Non-Black Earth region // Bulletin of Ulyanovsk State Agricultural Academy. 2012. No. 3(19). P. 8–13. (in Russian).

[13] 13. Vitol I.S., Bobkov A.A., Karpilenko G.P. Carbohydrate-amylolytic complex and technological quality indicators of brewing barley grown in the Non-Black Earth region // IzvestiyaVUZov. Food Technology. 2007. No. 2. P. 24–27. (in Russian).

[14] 14. Gamzaeva R.S. Effect of phyto-regulators Epin and Zircon on amylolytic activity and reducing sugar content in germinating brewing barley grains // Izvestiya of Saint Petersburg State Agrarian University. 2016. No. 44. P. 27–32. (in Russian).

[15] 15. Myrzabaeva G., Abaeva K., Abildaev E., Idrisova A., Igembaeva A., Tajetdinov N. Influence of sowing dates and seeding rates on the productivity of spring barley varieties in southeastern Kazakhstan // IzdenisterNatigeler. 2025. Vol. 1(105). P. 135–144. DOI: 10.37884/1-2025/17.

[16] 16. Myrzabaeva G., Abaeva K., Abildaev E., Idrisova A., Slambaeva A., Tajetdinov N. Evaluation of spring barley varieties for economic value under conditions of Almaty region // IzdenisterNatigeler. 2025. Vol. 1(105). P. 145–155. DOI: 10.37884/1-2025/18.