Abstract
The natural resource orientation of the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan without observing the principles of rational nature management has led to significant scales of withdrawal from agricultural, forestry, recreational use and disturbance of lands. In the areas of disturbance and adjacent lands, the quality of the environment and the ecological situation are deteriorating. Negative consequences accumulate and manifest themselves with each decade more and more destructively in environmental, economic, and social aspects. Soil pollution is an urgent task and has the status of not only republican, but also international significance. Soil pollution causes a chain reaction. It affects soil biodiversity, reduces the reserves of organic matter in the soil and its filtering capacity, leads to contamination of soil moisture and groundwater, and the balance of nutrients in the soil is disturbed.
Large-scale volumes of work on the extraction of primary raw materials have led to disturbance (of land), changes in the parameters and indicators of ecosystem elements, moreover, over large areas. This phenomenon has become most characteristic in the development of shallow resource deposits, as well as in the organization of landfills, waste storage facilities that occupy large areas and have a significant impact on ecosystem elements in the raw material extraction zone and in adjacent territories. Industrial lands include lands provided for the placement and operation of industrial facilities in the processing, oil and gas, mining and other industries. The country has accumulated about 31.6 billion tons of industrial waste. About 1 billion tons are generated annually.
01 Introduction
The full text of the article is available for download in PDF format on the right panel.
02 References
- [1] Қазақстан Республикасының 2023 жылға арналған жердің жай-күйі мен пайдаланылуы туралы жиынтық талдамалық есеп. Қазақстан Республикасы Ауыл шаруашылығы министрлігі. Астана, 2023 жыл
- [2] Булахтина, Г.К. Прием рекультивации деградированных естественных пастбищ для аридной зоны Северного Прикаспия: автореф. дис. ... канд. с.-х. наук: 06.01.02 / Булахтина Галина Константиновна. -Волгоград, 2014. - 23 с.
- [3] Анарбаев Е., Айтхожаева Г., Пентаев Т., Жилдикбаева А., Бегарип Г. Совершенствование критерия оценки эффективности устойчивого землепользования –. // Исследования, результаты. – 2023. – № 2 (98). – C. 362–368. – URL: https://doi.org/10.37884/2-2023/36 .
- [4] Есжанова Т. С., Жарников В. Б., Ильиных А. Л. Охрана земель в Республике Казахстан. Рекультивация нарушенных земель в системе устойчивого развития землепользования // Вестник СГУГиТ. – 2024. – Т. 29, № 6. – С. 120–133. – DOI 10.33764/2411-1759-2024-29-6-120-133
- [5] Айдарова А.А., Джангарашева Н.В., Қалиева М.С., Омарбекова А.Д., Феррух Йылдыз Деградация жағдайында жерді ұтымды пайдаланудың әдіснамалық тәсілдері // Исследования, результаты. – 2024. – № 3 (98). – C. 340–348
- [6] The Cement Sustainability Initiative. Ten Years of Progress – Moving on to the Next Decade. [Electronic resource]. — URL: http://csiprogress2012.org/ CSI_ProgressReport_FullReport.pdf.
- [7] Reclamation Planning in Hard Rock Quarries: a Guide to Good Practice. [Electronic resource] — URL: http://www.sustainableaggregates.com/ library/ docs/samp/l0126_samp_1_034.pdf.
- [8] Applied Ecological Services, Inc. Mine and Quarry Reclamation. [Electronic resource]. — URL:http://www.appliedeco.com/MineQuarry.cfm.
- [9] Batyrbek K. Yermekbayev1 , Nazymkul V. Dzhangarasheva1 , Gaukhar M. Rakhimzhanova2,* Overview of Grazing as a Land Use System in Kazakhstan EVERGREEN Joint Journal of Novel Carbon Resource Sciences & Green Asia Strategy, Vol. 10, Issue 02, pp658-666, June 2023 https://www.tj.kyushu-u.ac.jp/evergreen/contents/EG2023-10_2_content/pdf/p658-666.pdf
- [10] Dariga Sagandykova* , Galymzhan Ussipbayev , Elmira Khassamdinova , Ardak Omarbekova , Nazymkul Jangarashev.- Scientific Foundations of Application of New Effective Technologies in Land Surveying Studies (On the Example of Talgar District, Almaty Region) Instrumentation Mesure Métrologie Vol. 23, No. 3, June, 2024, pp. 183-191 Journal homepage: http://iieta.org/journals/i2m file:///C:/Users/%D0%A6%D0%90%D0%A3/Downloads/i2m_23.03_01.pdf
- [11] The Cement Sustainability Initiative. Ten Years of Progress – Moving on to the Next Decade. [Electronic resource]. — URL: http://csiprogress2012.org/ CSI_ProgressReport_FullReport.pdf.
- [12] Reclamation Planning in Hard Rock Quarries: a Guide to Good Practice. [Electronic resource] — URL: http://www.sustainableaggregates.com/ library/ docs/samp/l0126_samp_1_034.pdf.
- [13] Applied Ecological Services, Inc. Mine and Quarry Reclamation. [Electronic resource]. — URL:http://www.appliedeco.com/MineQuarry.cfm.
- [14] Technosols designed for rehabilitation of mining activities using mine spoils and biosolids. Ion mobility and correlations using percolation columns / M.M.Jordán, E.García-Sánchez, M.B.Almendro-Candel et al. // Catena. 2017. Vol. 148. Part 1. P. 74-80. DOI: 10.1016/j.catena.2016.02.027
- [15] Ten years of application of sewage sludge on tropical soil. A balance sheet on agricultural crops and environmental quality / W.Melo, D.Delarica, A.Guedes et al. // Science of the Total Environment. 2018. Vol. 643. P. 1493-1501. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.254
- [16] Utilization of coal fly ash and municipal sewage sludge in agriculture and for reconstruction of soils in disturbed lands: results of case studies from Greece and China / C. D. Tsadilas, Zhenqi Hu, Yinli Bi, Thomai Nikoli // International Journal of Coal Science and Technology. 2018. Vol. 5. P. 64-69. DOI: 10.1007/s40789-018-0202-9 URL
- [17] Valorization of sludge from the quartz industry as soil amendment and crop production / M.Delgado, F.J.Maeso, J.V.Martín et al. // Soil and Tillage Research. 2019. №194. № 104320. DOI: 10.1016/j.still.2019.104320
- [18] План ликвидации отвала фосфогипса площадью 51, 32 га ТФ ТОО «Казфосфат» «Минеральные удобрения» в районе НДФЗ[Электронный ресурс].