QUANTITATIVE VARIABLES OF ARTEMIA IN SALT LAKE TUZKOL (BALKHASH-ALAKOL BASIN)

Moldir Aubakirova

doi:10.37884/4-2024/40

Abstract

Studies of salt waterbodies are topical for understanding their role in preserving and producing cysts of the valuable bioresource Artemia. A comprehensive analysis of the salt lake Tuzkol carried out in May and August 2022. Standard methods performed sampling and processing of samples of Artemia. Artemia population represented by a bisexual race, but abundance of males is insignificant (0.02% of total population). The total abundance of artemia reached 34.0 thousand individuals/m³ in May and 13.0 thousand individuals/m³ in August. Nauplii and individuals at the juvenile stage formed the basis of quantitative variables of artemia. Artemia biomass reached 31.0 mg/m³ in May and 13.0 mg/m³ in August. Large egg-carrying females created the population biomass. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) did not reveal significant differences between the average values of the abundance and biomass of Artemia in different years. During research period, a slight increase in the biomass of Artemia noted, which might be due to a twofold increase in the level of TDS in lake in 2022 compared to the previous year of study. The productivity (by cysts) of Artemia varied from 10.3 to 190.8 kg/ha. The main portion of Artemia cysts concentrated in female ovisacs and the water column in May, by August the cysts prevailed (98.1%) in bottom sediment. In both research periods, cysts were not found in the coastal zone where their catching carried out. Based on benthic cysts, Tuzkol Lake classified as a highly productive waterbody in summer 2022. Bottom cysts, being at the dormant stage, provide the abundance of the first generation of Artemia and are a reserve for preserving the population. Based on this, Lake Tuzkol recommended to be used as a habitat for preserving the unique gene pool of Artemia and for studying the adaptation of halobionts to unstable conditions of the aquatic environment.

Artemia, salt lakes, productivity, cysts, females, males, nauplii.

01 Introduction

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02 References

1. Triantaphyllidis, G.V., Abatzopoulos, T.J. and Sorgeloos P. (1998). Review of the biogeography of the genus Artemia (Crustacea, Anostraca) // J. Biogeogra, (25), 213-226.
2. Bwala, R., Salie, K., Van Stappen, G. (2018). Ovoviviparously produced Artemia nauplii are a suitable live food source for the larvae of the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus: Burchell, 1822) // Aquaculture Research, (49), 3319–3328
3. Sorgeloos, P. 2021. Past, present and future scenarios for SDG-aligned brine shrimp Artemia aquaculture / P. Sorgeloos, R. Roubach // FAO AQUACULTURE NEWS, (63), 55–56.
4. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2020. FAO, Rome, Italy. http://www.fao.org/3/ca9229en/ca9229en.pdf.
5. Litvinenko, L.I. Brine shrimp Artemia in Western Siberia lakes / L.I. Litvinenko, A.I. Litvinenko, E.G. Boyko; - Novosibirsk: Nauka, - 2016. - 295 р.
6. Sharapova, L. I., Sharipova, O. A., Troshina, T. T., Kenzhebekov, B. K., Nurieva, Sh. B. (2019). Artemia populations in modern conditions of salt lakes in Southeastern Kazakhstan // Bulletin of the Astrakhan State Technical University, (1), 72-82.
7. Kumar, M., Karamendin, K., Mazhibayeva, Z., Kassymbekov, Y., Sabyrzhan, T., Isbekov, K., Assylbekova, S., Kydyrmanov, A. (2023). Evaluation of the Viral Diversity of Artemia Cysts from Saline Lakes in Kazakhstan Using Viral Metagenomics Analysis // Fishes (8), 1 – 14. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100487
8. The Convention on Biological Diversity. Available online: https://www.cbd.int (accessed on 15 June 2024)
9. Methodological recommendations for stock assessment and forecasting of the recommended volume of production (catch) of artemisia. – M.: VNIRO Publishing House. - 2019. - 50 p.
10. Love, J., Selker, R., Marsman, M., Jamil, T., Dropmann, D., Verhagen, A.J., Ly, A., Gronau, Q.F., Smira, M., Epskamp, S. (2019). JASP: Graphical statistical software for common statistical designs // J. Stat. Softw., (88), 1–17.
11. Kabacoff, R. R in Action. University of Connecticut, Manning Publications Co.: New York, NY, USA, 2011; p. 771.
12. Preparation of a conclusion confirming the availability (compliance/non–compliance) of the current technology, production facilities for deep processing of artemia cysts: Working instructions / Standard LLP 41169952-03.026-21. – Almaty, NPTS RH LLP. - 2021. - 27 p.
13. Browne, R.A., Wanigasekera, G. (2000). Combined effects of salinity and temperature on survival and reproduction of five species of Artemia // Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, (244), 29–44.
14. Ситахметова, Г., Неваленный, А., Кабдолов , Ж., & Кадимов , Е. (2024). Методы борьбы с чужеродными гидробионтами // Izdenister Natigeler, (3(103), 416–423. https://doi.org/10.37884/3-2024/45

Citation Links

[1]2024. QUANTITATIVE VARIABLES OF ARTEMIA IN SALT LAKE TUZKOL (BALKHASH-ALAKOL BASIN) . Izdenister natigeler. 4 (104) (Dec. 2024), 389–395. DOI:https://doi.org/10.37884/4-2024/40.

(1)QUANTITATIVE VARIABLES OF ARTEMIA IN SALT LAKE TUZKOL (BALKHASH-ALAKOL BASIN) . Izdenister natigeler 2024, No. 4 (104), 389-395. https://doi.org/10.37884/4-2024/40.

QUANTITATIVE VARIABLES OF ARTEMIA IN SALT LAKE TUZKOL (BALKHASH-ALAKOL BASIN) . (2024). Izdenister Natigeler, 4 (104), 389-395. https://doi.org/10.37884/4-2024/40

QUANTITATIVE VARIABLES OF ARTEMIA IN SALT LAKE TUZKOL (BALKHASH-ALAKOL BASIN) . Izdenister natigeler, [S. l.], n. 4 (104), p. 389–395, 2024. DOI: 10.37884/4-2024/40. Disponível em: https://natsus.kaznaru.edu.kz/index.php/research/article/view/774. Acesso em: 15 sep. 2026.

“QUANTITATIVE VARIABLES OF ARTEMIA IN SALT LAKE TUZKOL (BALKHASH-ALAKOL BASIN) ”. 2024. Izdenister Natigeler, no. 4 (104) (December): 389-95. https://doi.org/10.37884/4-2024/40.

“QUANTITATIVE VARIABLES OF ARTEMIA IN SALT LAKE TUZKOL (BALKHASH-ALAKOL BASIN) ” (2024) Izdenister natigeler, (4 (104), pp. 389–395. doi:10.37884/4-2024/40.

[1]“QUANTITATIVE VARIABLES OF ARTEMIA IN SALT LAKE TUZKOL (BALKHASH-ALAKOL BASIN) ”, Izdenister natigeler, no. 4 (104), pp. 389–395, Dec. 2024, doi: 10.37884/4-2024/40.

“QUANTITATIVE VARIABLES OF ARTEMIA IN SALT LAKE TUZKOL (BALKHASH-ALAKOL BASIN) ”. Izdenister Natigeler, no. 4 (104), Dec. 2024, pp. 389-95, https://doi.org/10.37884/4-2024/40.

“QUANTITATIVE VARIABLES OF ARTEMIA IN SALT LAKE TUZKOL (BALKHASH-ALAKOL BASIN) ”. Izdenister natigeler, no. 4 (104) (December 30, 2024): 389–395. Accessed September 15, 2026. https://natsus.kaznaru.edu.kz/index.php/research/article/view/774.

1.QUANTITATIVE VARIABLES OF ARTEMIA IN SALT LAKE TUZKOL (BALKHASH-ALAKOL BASIN) . Izdenister natigeler [Internet]. 2024 Dec. 30 [cited 2026 Sep. 15];(4 (104):389-95. Available from: https://natsus.kaznaru.edu.kz/index.php/research/article/view/774

1.QUANTITATIVE VARIABLES OF ARTEMIA IN SALT LAKE TUZKOL (BALKHASH-ALAKOL BASIN) . Izdenister natigeler. 2024;(4 (104):389-395. doi:10.37884/4-2024/40

[1] 1. Triantaphyllidis, G.V., Abatzopoulos, T.J. and Sorgeloos P. (1998). Review of the biogeography of the genus Artemia (Crustacea, Anostraca) // J. Biogeogra, (25), 213-226.

[2] 2. Bwala, R., Salie, K., Van Stappen, G. (2018). Ovoviviparously produced Artemia nauplii are a suitable live food source for the larvae of the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus: Burchell, 1822) // Aquaculture Research, (49), 3319–3328

[3] 3. Sorgeloos, P. 2021. Past, present and future scenarios for SDG-aligned brine shrimp Artemia aquaculture / P. Sorgeloos, R. Roubach // FAO AQUACULTURE NEWS, (63), 55–56.

[4] 4. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2020. FAO, Rome, Italy. http://www.fao.org/3/ca9229en/ca9229en.pdf.

[5] 5. Litvinenko, L.I. Brine shrimp Artemia in Western Siberia lakes / L.I. Litvinenko, A.I. Litvinenko, E.G. Boyko; - Novosibirsk: Nauka, - 2016. - 295 р.

[6] 6. Sharapova, L. I., Sharipova, O. A., Troshina, T. T., Kenzhebekov, B. K., Nurieva, Sh. B. (2019). Artemia populations in modern conditions of salt lakes in Southeastern Kazakhstan // Bulletin of the Astrakhan State Technical University, (1), 72-82.

[7] 7. Kumar, M., Karamendin, K., Mazhibayeva, Z., Kassymbekov, Y., Sabyrzhan, T., Isbekov, K., Assylbekova, S., Kydyrmanov, A. (2023). Evaluation of the Viral Diversity of Artemia Cysts from Saline Lakes in Kazakhstan Using Viral Metagenomics Analysis // Fishes (8), 1 – 14. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100487

[8] 8. The Convention on Biological Diversity. Available online: https://www.cbd.int (accessed on 15 June 2024)

[9] 9. Methodological recommendations for stock assessment and forecasting of the recommended volume of production (catch) of artemisia. – M.: VNIRO Publishing House. - 2019. - 50 p.

[10] 10. Love, J., Selker, R., Marsman, M., Jamil, T., Dropmann, D., Verhagen, A.J., Ly, A., Gronau, Q.F., Smira, M., Epskamp, S. (2019). JASP: Graphical statistical software for common statistical designs // J. Stat. Softw., (88), 1–17.

[11] 11. Kabacoff, R. R in Action. University of Connecticut, Manning Publications Co.: New York, NY, USA, 2011; p. 771.

[12] 12. Preparation of a conclusion confirming the availability (compliance/non–compliance) of the current technology, production facilities for deep processing of artemia cysts: Working instructions / Standard LLP 41169952-03.026-21. – Almaty, NPTS RH LLP. - 2021. - 27 p.

[13] 13. Browne, R.A., Wanigasekera, G. (2000). Combined effects of salinity and temperature on survival and reproduction of five species of Artemia // Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, (244), 29–44.

[14] 14. Ситахметова, Г., Неваленный, А., Кабдолов , Ж., & Кадимов , Е. (2024). Методы борьбы с чужеродными гидробионтами // Izdenister Natigeler, (3(103), 416–423. https://doi.org/10.37884/3-2024/45