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AGRICULTURE MECHANIZATION AND ELECTRIFICATION

JUSTIFICATION AND MODELING OF THE PROCESS OF PNEUMATIC MECHANICAL LOADING OF HAY INTO THE COLLECTION CHAMBER OF A HARVESTING AND TRANSPORT UNIT

Darmen Abulkhairov 1 , Indira Sagynganova 2 , Muratbek Userbaev 1 , Saule Mendalieva 1 , Bakhytgul Smailova 1

1 JSC S. Seifullin Kazakh Scientific Research Agrotechnical University, Astana, Kazakhstan; 2 L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, Kazakhstan

doi.org/10.37884/3-2026/17 pp. 203-215 Admitted 17.04.2026 Published 30.06.2026

Abstract

Loose hay harvesting technologies involve the use of a harvesting and transport unit (HTU). The unit enables a combination of operations, from windrow collection to unloading the formed haystack. Materials and methods.  This paper presents a detailed rationale for the pneumatic-mechanical transportation of plant material by a rotary blade loader into the collecting chamber, along with the corresponding mathematical modeling of the technological process. A theoretical analysis of the multiplicative effect of material transportation under the influence of airflow and mechanical force components is provided; it is demonstrated that the energy of the airflow generated by the rotor blades of the loader is used to overcome the resistance to movement in the air duct; and a theoretical analysis of the process of filling the collecting chamber with plant material, in relation to its size, is presented, allowing for the determination of the speed characteristics of the corresponding loading means, ensuring the high-quality execution of this process.  Results and discussion. Based on the results of the study, the calculated and experimental values ​​of airflow transport power and airflow velocity at the loader's air duct inlet are presented. Graphical dependences of its influence on the hay portion flight range at different rotor speeds are obtained. Using the well-known Bernoulli equation, a mathematical dependence for the balance of total air pressure losses during plant material transport is obtained. . An analytical expression is obtained for the trajectory of a hay particle at the loader's outlet depending on the airflow velocity . Conclusions. In the implemented pneumatic-mechanical method of transporting hay by a loader of a harvesting and transport unit (HTU), it was established that the air flow velocity at the entrance to the loader is v2 = 30 m/s, while the velocity at the exit from the loader decreases to 24 m/s.

harvesting and transport unit, pneumatic-mechanical, loader, collection chamber, speed, power, air flow, air pressure, rotor blade, Bernoulli equation

01 Introduction

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02 References

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Citation Links

[1]2026. JUSTIFICATION AND MODELING OF THE PROCESS OF PNEUMATIC MECHANICAL LOADING OF HAY INTO THE COLLECTION CHAMBER OF A HARVESTING AND TRANSPORT UNIT. Izdenister natigeler. 28, 3 (111) (Jun. 2026), 203–215. DOI:https://doi.org/10.37884/3-2026/17.
(1)JUSTIFICATION AND MODELING OF THE PROCESS OF PNEUMATIC MECHANICAL LOADING OF HAY INTO THE COLLECTION CHAMBER OF A HARVESTING AND TRANSPORT UNIT. Izdenister natigeler 2026, 28 (3 (111), 203-215. https://doi.org/10.37884/3-2026/17.
JUSTIFICATION AND MODELING OF THE PROCESS OF PNEUMATIC MECHANICAL LOADING OF HAY INTO THE COLLECTION CHAMBER OF A HARVESTING AND TRANSPORT UNIT. (2026). Izdenister Natigeler, 28(3 (111), 203-215. https://doi.org/10.37884/3-2026/17
JUSTIFICATION AND MODELING OF THE PROCESS OF PNEUMATIC MECHANICAL LOADING OF HAY INTO THE COLLECTION CHAMBER OF A HARVESTING AND TRANSPORT UNIT. Izdenister natigeler, [S. l.], v. 28, n. 3 (111), p. 203–215, 2026. DOI: 10.37884/3-2026/17. Disponível em: https://natsus.kaznaru.edu.kz/index.php/research/article/view/1345. Acesso em: 15 sep. 2026.
“ JUSTIFICATION AND MODELING OF THE PROCESS OF PNEUMATIC MECHANICAL LOADING OF HAY INTO THE COLLECTION CHAMBER OF A HARVESTING AND TRANSPORT UNIT”. 2026. Izdenister Natigeler 28 (3 (111): 203-15. https://doi.org/10.37884/3-2026/17.
“ JUSTIFICATION AND MODELING OF THE PROCESS OF PNEUMATIC MECHANICAL LOADING OF HAY INTO THE COLLECTION CHAMBER OF A HARVESTING AND TRANSPORT UNIT” (2026) Izdenister natigeler, 28(3 (111), pp. 203–215. doi:10.37884/3-2026/17.
[1]“ JUSTIFICATION AND MODELING OF THE PROCESS OF PNEUMATIC MECHANICAL LOADING OF HAY INTO THE COLLECTION CHAMBER OF A HARVESTING AND TRANSPORT UNIT”, Izdenister natigeler, vol. 28, no. 3 (111), pp. 203–215, Jun. 2026, doi: 10.37884/3-2026/17.
“ JUSTIFICATION AND MODELING OF THE PROCESS OF PNEUMATIC MECHANICAL LOADING OF HAY INTO THE COLLECTION CHAMBER OF A HARVESTING AND TRANSPORT UNIT”. Izdenister Natigeler, vol. 28, no. 3 (111), June 2026, pp. 203-15, https://doi.org/10.37884/3-2026/17.
“ JUSTIFICATION AND MODELING OF THE PROCESS OF PNEUMATIC MECHANICAL LOADING OF HAY INTO THE COLLECTION CHAMBER OF A HARVESTING AND TRANSPORT UNIT”. Izdenister natigeler 28, no. 3 (111) (June 30, 2026): 203–215. Accessed September 15, 2026. https://natsus.kaznaru.edu.kz/index.php/research/article/view/1345.
1.JUSTIFICATION AND MODELING OF THE PROCESS OF PNEUMATIC MECHANICAL LOADING OF HAY INTO THE COLLECTION CHAMBER OF A HARVESTING AND TRANSPORT UNIT. Izdenister natigeler [Internet]. 2026 Jun. 30 [cited 2026 Sep. 15];28(3 (111):203-15. Available from: https://natsus.kaznaru.edu.kz/index.php/research/article/view/1345
1.JUSTIFICATION AND MODELING OF THE PROCESS OF PNEUMATIC MECHANICAL LOADING OF HAY INTO THE COLLECTION CHAMBER OF A HARVESTING AND TRANSPORT UNIT. Izdenister natigeler. 2026;28(3 (111):203-215. doi:10.37884/3-2026/17